Machu Picchu is a 15th-century Inca citadel perched on an Andean ridge above the Urubamba River, in Peru’s Cusco region. Its terraces, plazas, stairways, and stone buildings show how Inca builders shaped a steep mountain landscape for agriculture, ceremony, and daily life. Finely fitted granite masonry contrasts with the green terraces and surrounding cloud forest, while the curved wall of the Temple of the Sun stands out among the site’s largely rectangular structures. In the familiar elevated view, Huayna Picchu forms the distinctive peak behind the ruins; the deep river valley below gives the settlement its dramatic sense of scale and isolation. Visits follow designated circuits, so access to particular viewpoints and sections of the citadel depends on the route booked.
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